Heating appliance



Match 30, 1943.

-w. A. JONES HEATING APPLIANCE Filed Dec. 8, i959 may? INVENTOR.

' A TTOBNETX Patented Mar. 30, 1943 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE HEATING APPLIANCE William Anson Jones, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Application December 8, 1939, Serial No. 308,212

8 Claims. -(Cl. 126-99) is invention relates to heating structures .Tfes and furnaces.

In furnaces and stoves of usual construction, the fire-box with combustion chamber and ash pit are circular or quadrangular in cross-section and the fluid heating space, confined or otherwise, extends upwardly adjacent the sides of the ash pit, fire-box and combustion chamber. The combustion zone in such heating appliances is a comparatively broad localized area, in which, during combustion, there is normally a hot central zone immediately above the burning fuel and a cooler surrounding zone adjacent the walls of the chamber along the outer surface of which extends the fluid heating space. While a fluid heating space is usually present above the combustion zone, it is of a comparatively confined nature. Thus the normal fluid heating spaces provided do not fully avail themselves of the heat from the central or hottest zone referred to and the heat therefrom is largely confined without completely fulfilling its purpose.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a furnace or stove in which the heat generated thereby is more efficiently employed for its intended purpose of heating fluids, such as Water and air. To this end the invention contemplates the formation of the ash pit, grates, fire-box and combustion chamber of a furnace or stove in such a manner that, in addition to the usual outer fluid heating space, an inner fluid heating space is provided extending upwardly, substantially centrally of the heating structure, and between portions of the ash pit, grates, fire-box and combustion chamber.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawing, which illustrates more or less diagrammatically one embodiment of the invention and in which Figure l is a sectional elevation taken on line l-l of Figure 2, and

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Referring to the drawing, there is illustrated a furnace having the usual base I and outer casing 2 providing an outer air heating chamber 3 surrounding the combustion structure 4. The latter comprises an ash pit 2! mounted on the base, a fire-box 28 resting on the ash pit and a combustion chamber 29 mounted on the fire-box in the usual manner.

It will be observed that the ash pit, fire-box and combustion chamber are substantially U- shaped in cross-section to provide a substantially unconfined inner air heating space or passage 30,

communicating with the outer air heating chamber 3 through the space between the ends of the arms of the U. Since the passage 30 is unconfined, the ash pit 21 may rest directly on the base i of the furnace.

The furnace includes the usual cold air inlets 25 and hot air outlets 26 as well as a heat-radiating indirect draft passage 24 leading to the flue 24'. Means constituting a direct draft passage to the flue comprise the short pipes 13 leading from the ends of the arms of the combustion chamber to the passage 24 adjacent the flue The grate structure shown comprises two main shafts 3| carrying grate elements 32, the inner ends of the shafts being journalled in the Wall of the ash pit and outer ends being supported in a transverse bar 33. Two pair of short shafts 34 and 35 complete the structure, shafts 35 being rotatable with shafts 34 by means of gears 3-6.

Shafts 34 and 35 are also journalled at their in-' ner ends in the wall of the ash pit and are supported at their outer ends in the bar 33. Projections 31 may be formed on the walls of the ash pit for the purpose of filling in the small spaces between the grate sections.

This furnace is provided with a single fuel feeding passage 10 having a door and an ash removing opening havinga door 12.

An ash pan, corresponding in shape to the ash pit and which may be in sections, is preferably provided to ensure convenient removal of ashes.

It will be apparent that the invention may readily be adapted to other types of heating appliances such as ordinary heating and combined heating and cooking stoves.

It will also be apparent that while the fire-box, with associated structure, has been shown and described as being U-shaped in cross-section, the invention contemplates the provision of any cross-sectional shape of fire-box and associated structure which is substantially long, narrow and non-continuous and doubled upon itself to provide at least some portions thereof in opposing relation to each other.

The invention thus provides an inner substantially centrally located fluid heating space or chamber, in addition to the usual outer fluid heating chamber. This inner chamber receives heat from the hottest combustion zone in the heating structure. Since this inner chamber extends through the flxe-box and combustion chamber, it is adapted to receive a maximum amount of heat.

Moreover, the structure described provides an additional fluid heating surface, thereby greatly increasing the total area of fluid heating surface, normally provided in ordinary heating structures. Thus, the invention makes possible the more efficient employment of the heat generated :by heating structures, and thus provides for economy of fuel.

It will be understood that many changes may be made in various mechanical details of the above described structures without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A heating appliance having a fire-box, a smoke flue therefor, means forming a combustion chamber superimposed on said fire-box, each said fire-box and combustion chamber being in crosssection substantially long, narrow and non-continuous and doubled upon itself to provide spaced opposed rearwardly extending portions and a forward portion connecting said rearwardly extending portions, means forming indirect flue passages each leading from a point in the forward portion of said combustion chamber to a point lying to the rear of the rearwardly extending portions thereof and communicating with the flue at the latter point, and means forming direct flue passages leading from the rearwardly extending portions of the combustion chamber to the flue.

2. A heating appliance having a fire-box, means forming a combustion chamber superimposed on said fire-box, each said fire-box and combustion chamber being in cross-section substantially long, narrow and non-continuous and doubled upon itself to provide spaced opposed rearwardly extending portions and a forward portion connecting said rearwardly extending portions, a smoke flue having an inlet positioned to the rear of said rearwardly extending portions, means forming indirect flue passages leading from the combustion chamber at points intermediate the ends thereof to said flue inlet, and means forming direct flue passages leading from the rearwardly extending portions of said combustion chamber to said flue inlet.

3. A heating appliance having afire-box, means forming a combustion chamber superimposed on said fire-box, a jacket surrounding said fire-box and combustion chamber to form an outer "fluid heating space, said fire-box and combustion chamber being in cross-section substantially long, narrow and non-continuous and doubled upon itself to provide spaced opposed rearwardly extending portions having an inner fluid heating space therebetween communicating with the outer fluid heating space and a forward portion connecting said rearwardly extending portions, a smoke flue having an inlet positioned to the rear of said rearwardly extending portions, means forming indirect flue passages leading from the combustion chamber at points intermediate the ends thereof through said outer fluid heating space to said flue inlet, and means forming direct flue passages leading from the rearwardly extending portions of the combustion chamber to said flue inlet.

4. A heating appliance comprising means forming a fire chamber, means forming an outer fluid heating area surrounding said fire chamber, said fire chamber being in cross-section substantially long, narrow and doubled upon itself to provide spaced opposed portions having therebetween an irmer fluid heating area and a portion joining one end of one of said spaced opposed portions with the adjacent endof the other spaced opposed portion, the other ends of said spaced opposed portions being disjoined, said inner area communicating with said outer area through the space between said disjoinedends, said fire chamber having primary fuel receiving surfaces adjacent the bottom Of all said portions and at least one opening therein through which primary fuel is adapted to be supplied to said surfaces, and means forming flue passages extending from the fire chamber at points intermediate the said disjoined ends through said outer fluid heating area.

5. A heating appliance comprising an outer wall and an inner wall forming therebetween a primary fuel receiving chamber, Walls forming a combustion zone superimposed on said chamber, an outer casing having atop wall and side Walls surrounding said chamber and zone in spaced relation to the chamber walls and combustion zone walls to provide an outer fluid heating area between the casing wall and chamber and comb-ustion zone, each said chamber and combustion zone being in cross-section substantially long, narrow and doubled upon itself to provide spaced opposed portions and a portion joining one end of one of said spaced opposed portions with the ad-. jacent end of the other spaced opposed portion, the other ends of said spaced opposed lportions being disjoined, said spaced opposed portions having between the opposed inner wall parts thereof an inner fluid heating area, the entire space between the inner wall part of the joining portion of said chamber and the opposite part of the casing side wall being substantially unobstructed to provide unrestricted communication between said inner area and outer area, said chamber having primary fuel receiving surfaces adjacent the bottom of all said portionsand at least one openingtherein through which :primary fuel is adapted to be supplied to said surfaces, and means forming flue passages leading from said combustion zone *atpoints intermediate said disjoined ends.

6. A heating appliance comprising means forming a fire chamber, said 'flre chamber being in cross-section substantially long, narrow and doubled upon itself to provide spaced opposed portions having therebetween a fluid heating area and a portion joining one end of one of said spaced opposed portions with the adjacent end of the other spaced opposed portion, the other ends of said spaced opposed portions being disjoined, and means forming flue passages leading from the fire chamber at points intermediate said disjoined ends. j

7. A heating appliance comprising Wallsforming a chamber having a lower section constituting a fire box and an upper sectionconsti-tuting a combustion zone, said chamber being in crosssection substantially long, narrow and doubled upon itself to provide spaced opposed portions having therebetween a fluid heating area and portion joining one end of one of said spac d opiposed portions with the adjacent end of the'other spaced opposed portion, the other ends of said spaced opposed portions being disjoined, and means forming flue .passages leading from the combustion zone, said flue passages lying opposite the longitudinal walls of the spaced-opposed p'ortions of the combustion zone andin spaced relation thereto. 1 i

8. A heating appliance comprising walls form ing a chamber having a lower section constituting an ash .pit, an intermediate section constituting a fire-box, and anupper section constituting a combustion zone, said chamber being irrcro s ssection substantially long, narrow and doubled upon itself to provide spaced opposed portions having therebetween a fluid heating area and a portion joining one end of one of said spaced opposed portions with the adjacent end of the other spaced opposed portion, the other ends of said spaced opposed :portions being disjoined, said fire box having solid fuel receiving surfaces adjacent the bottom of all said portions and at least one opening therein through which solid fuel is adapted to be supplied to said surfaces, and means forriiing flue passages leading from the combustion' zone, said flue passages lying opposite the longitudinal walls of the spaced opposed portions of the combustion zone and in spaced relation thereto.

WILLIAM ANSON JONES. 

